Easter 4A
By Ed Brambley from Cambridge, UK (Young Shepherd) [CC BY-SA 2.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0)], via Wikimedia Commons
Richard Bruxvoort Colligan, “My Love Is My Shepherd” from his album Sharing the Road, Psalm23immsersion.com, Richard’s Psalm 23 Cycle- check it out!, Psalmimmersion.com, @pomopsalmist, Patreon
1 Peter 2:19-25, Maxwell Muska, First Presbyterian Church in Manchester, IA, mmuska.wordpress.com
John 10:1-10
Initial Thoughts
Welcome to Good Shepherd Sunday- Year A edition!
Strong connections to Psalm 23 and Ezekiel 34:1-31
Middle act of a three act play:
Act 1 - John 9:1-12
Healing of the man born blind
Act 2 - John 9:13-40
The response to the healing - how can a sinner be redeemed
Physical malady as the result of sin
Pharisees question/claim, “surely we are not blind, are we?”
Act 3 - John 10:1-21
Jesus is the Good Shepherd
Answering the Pharisees Question
Bible Study
Jesus is speaking to the Pharisees (them in v. 6)
Attempt to reveal/show/give sight to the Pharisees
It is a riddle (v.6) - unlocked by v. 10 - “I have come that they might have life and have it abundantly”
Mixed metaphors: Jesus is both Shepherd and Gate
“I Am” declarations of incarnation revealing both who God is and who Jesus is as the incarnation of God
Jesus claims to be what is needed to live: water (4:14), bread of life (6:35), light of the world (9:5), shelter/safety (10:7, 11)
Focus is on the shepherd providing for the sheep, not on which sheep are in or outside of the sheepfold.
Connection with John 9 - don’t get caught up in who sinned or how the healing happened - rejoice in the presence of one who heals
v. 1-6 “I am the shepherd.”
It wasn’t understand by hearers. It’s even harder to understand for us - separated from shepherd lifestyle. Sarah Henrich tells short story about an African preacher in this great resource.
Shepherd comes in through the gate, not hopping the fence.
Shepherd’s voice is recognized. Stranger is not recognized.
The Shepherd goes out first, and leads the sheep, does not simply scatter them.
New Interpreter's Bible provides this easy guide:
Jesus:
Calls sheep by name
leads them out
Brings out all his own
Goes out ahead of them
Sheep:
hear his voice
Know his voice
Follow him
v. 7-10 “I am the gate.”
Gate keeps sheep in and protected.
Thief comes to steal or kill
Jesus provides safe pasture.
Thieves take life. Jesus offers life.
Raises many questions (Cynthia Jarvis, Feasting on the Word):
Is the church the gatekeeper and Jesus the gate to protect the morally weak and vulnerable within the fold or to privilege a community of the ethically pure?
Is the church a hospital for sinners, as Augustine believed, or a society of the morally perfectible, as Pelagius thought?
Does Christ as the gate keep the flock from corruption by the world, or did God so love the world that the gate swings open for the lost sheep in particular?
Is Jesus alone the gate, so that, in the end, every disparate flock will be made one in him (John 17:20-21)?
“Jesus is the door for the blind man. Jesus is his entrance to a new fold, an abundant pasture, and eternal life, which he has never, ever, known. That these promises are addressed to a man blind from birth, who, for his entire life, has experienced the exact opposite of that which Jesus describes suggest that this is a moment of rebirth, of new creation.The blind man is born again, to experience a life that could not be more contrary to the one he has already lived.” (Karoline Lewis, John, p. 142)
Exclusivist?
Not necessarily: Though this passage is a favorite of those that have an exclusivist idea about salvation, that does not have to be the emphasis. (Charles Cousar, Texts for Preaching, Year A, p. 190)
There is no distinction between good sheep and bad sheep.
Relationship between sheep and shepherd is assumed.
The sheep are simply the shepherd’s own.
Safety and security are linked to relationship with shepherd
Thoughts and questions
“I am the gate” is not about separating goat from sheep - mixing parables - it is not about keeping some sheep out while allowing other to come in. It is not about salvation and eternal rewards. The gate is about keeping the sheep safe from those outside trying to do damage. This may seem like a small distinction, but it is an important one. Jesus’ voice stands above others trying to promise life. Jesus as the gate keeps us from others who would bring death.
Abundant life over life of abundance. Advertising has changed in recent years from offering a valuable product to offering an image or lifestyle. David Lose points to a great resource in his article on workingpreacher.com. He points to an 8 minute Youtube link, but it has been removed. Full Frontline show called The Persuaders can be found here.
Clotaire Rapaille is an expert in marketing psychology “Most of the time, people have no idea why they are doing what they are doing. So they make something up that makes sense… Why would you need a Hummer to go shopping?” (view clip from Frontline)
People are searching for meaning, and advertisers have tapped into that desperate need.
Image of Jesus as good shepherd is incredibly important in iconography, art, music, and liturgy of church. The term “pastor” comes from this idea, that a leader of the church will lead people to good pasture.
Good church leadership then, is modeled after Christ, the servant willing to lay down his life. What does it mean to lay down your life for your church, your congregation?
How do you know Jesus? What are ways to get to know his voice? John Wesley might have called these things “Means of Grace.” Both works of piety and works of mercy bring us closer to knowing Jesus.
PSALM 23
INITIAL THOUGHTS
Psalm Song - “My Love Is My Shepherd” by Richard Bruxvoort Colligan
Check out Joan Stott’s Timeless Psalms (and from 2011)
“So, I’ve never heard this passage before in my life,” said almost no one.
According to Wikipedia, quoted in Titanic, Deep Blue Sea, We Were Soldiers, Van Helsing, Lost, Terminator: Salvation, The Book of Eli, True Grit, and War Horse.
Use C ommon English - important translation issues and the newness of it will wake people out of “Oh, I’ve heard this already.”
BIBLE STUDY
Psalm of Assurance and Trust
Joan Stott points to three aspects of God: Shepherd, Comforter, Host.
Shepherd is strong, and gives us courage
In the call to worship she writes, “in life’s complex mix, your loving arms are always open to us. We come with our fears and anxiety quietened, because you are always with us.”
God’s generosity and hospitality is radical and remarkable.
Clint McCann includes Psalm 23 in his book Great Psalms of the Bible.
Often considered “Funeral Psalm”
Not a funeral Psalm in history, or in other cultures. American churches and pop culture have put it into the realm of funerals.
Actually “it is as much about life and living as it is about death and dying.” (Great Psalms of the Bible, McCann, p 45).
Shepherd metaphor is often heard as a distinctly political metaphor.
King David is the shepherd King. The Lord is my Shepherd can be seen as a cry that “You [whichever corrupt political leader is in power right now] aren’t my shepherd”
Green pasture imply food for all, no one goes wanting.
Cup overflowing implies need to share.
Not a call to arms, but to peacemaking at the table.
Res t in God provides security and peace: “The grateful acceptance of God’s gift of life is the foundation of genuine security” (McCann, p. 52)
-
What if the table is for one?
What does it mean to be at the table with your enemies?
"Every time we try to draw a line between us and others, Jesus is on the other side." Nadia Bolz-Weber
“Goodness and Mercy pursue me.”
Pursue, not follow. Pursuit is active, stalking. It is the same word as is used when enemies pursue.
There is an edge to the pursuit of God, and sometimes, only when we pause long enough to take a deep breath may that mercy catch up to us.
THOUGHTS AND QUESTIONS
How can Scripture be used as a comfort, guide, and friend. How can familiar be a danger, lose the edge of a poem and relegate it to “special occasions.”
Where are your green pastures? When can you take the time to lie down?
Take the darkest valley seriously. God’s presence is there.
Acts 2:42-47
Initial Thoughts
This is all a response to Peter’s sermon.
Still answering the question people asked at verse 12 - “What does this mean?”
The answer is Community.
Bible Study
Four Marks of the faithful community: Devoted to the apostles teaching, community, sharing meals and prayers
Apostles Teaching
studying the earliest apostolic witness or biblical texts - it is how we know of Jesus
Community Fellowship
too often taken for granted
Hospitality and radical table sharing were hallmarks of Jesus’ ministry
Breaking of Bread
Recent research has shown the incredible value of families who eat together regularly (see here and here) why would this be different for a church family?
Prayer
Not just for worship anymore!
Take a tip from the evangelicals- prayer is important!
Interesting article on the health benefits of prayer
Is this the focus of the church today?
Not difficult
Emergent church- back to the basics
Simple faithful living lead to awe
What defines the church?
Confession: Acts 2:36 (NRSV)36 Therefore let the entire house of Israel know with certainty that God has made him both Lord and Messiah, this Jesus whom you crucified."
Action:Acts 2:42 (NRSV) 42 They devoted themselves to the apostles' teaching and fellowship, to the breaking of bread and the prayers.
They worshiped in the Temple and in their homes. “Having accepted the old, they also embraced the new, and the transformation of their lives was expressed in their worship as well as in their relationships with their neighbors.” (Charles Cousar, Texts for Preaching, Year A, p. 283)
“The currents of mutual love and concert to which the text bears witness could not be contained within the bounds of the Christian fellowship itself, by lapped outside, catching up other persons in their appeal. The amazing growth of the young church is seen by Luke not as an end in itself, but as a result of the combined energies of God’s Spirit and of the affection of the members.” (Cousar, p. 284)
Socialism!
Model for our churches?
Sell pieces of property and possessions and distribute them as any had need
What would happen if the church began to sell its property and distribute the proceeds to those who were of need
Go out in a blaze of faithfulness
Ex: Simple Way and Shane Claiborne - maybe Jesus meant what he said
What’s an average day look like at The Simple Way?
It’s a little easier to describe an “average” week. We have prayer each morning (at 8am). Then we dive into days that are filled with things like hanging with friends in the neighborhood or folks living on the streets, helping kids with homework, and helping folks get to appointments. We’ve got some lovely gardens and a little neighborhood thrift store. Most of us work jobs part-time and that frees us up to do other stuff we don’t get paid to do, but love. Activities and programs change from time to time, but we share food with lots of families, and try to be good neighbors. We have dinners together each week, and we have a Sabbath one day each week where everything rests. There are times where we have other things that grab our attention around some of the systemic injustices around us. Right now we are working hard to end gun violence on our streets, and to create some local jobs and more stable housing for folks. It’s not always sexy. In fact, we had some visitors that lived here for a week, and at the end of it we asked them what they learned. They said, “We learned it’s not that spectacular, and that we can do this right where we are.” That’s a good word.
Doesn’t always work perfectly (see Acts 5:1-11)
Beware Nostalgia- this communal living, growth and sacrifice come as a result of the four marks of Christian community
Thoughts and Questions
Celebration of what Christ did is lived out in their relationships. We cannot separate our relationship with God from our relationships with others. “The sense of awe that permeated the lives of the first disciples not only bound them to the object of their awe, the God who raised Jesus from the dead, but bound them also to one another.” (Cousar, p. 284)
Do “Church Growth” experts get the point of this passage? Does Luke see growth as the ends, or as a natural result? When we focus on “growing the Church,” are we missing something elemental - or is this just the kind of thinking that has perpetuated decades of decline?
“The text makes quite clear, this successful evangelistic effort was a by-product of their energies. An important by-product, to be sure, but not the primary focus of the early Christian’ concern. They did not “devote” themselves to evangelism, but to teaching and fellowship, to worship and acts of caring. And the growth of the church was generated out of these activities by the Spirit of God.” (Cousar, p. 284)
To what extent does this describe your church? Why or why not?
Does your faith change the way you live- what you say, do, eat, who you eat with, talk do, avoid, engage? Shouldn’t it?
1 Peter 2:19-25
Initial Thoughts
You have to read v. 18 - at least personally if not in church, “Slaves, accept the authority of your masters with all deference, not only those who are kind and gentle but also those who are harsh.”
This passage has used in horrific ways to perpetuate slavery, oppression, dehumanization, and countless other atrocities in the name of being a faithful Christian.
Any interpretation of the Gospel which supports, justifies, or remains silent in the face of slavery and oppressession is not the Good News and is not the way of Jesus.
This is not a passage to be preached lightly - as it can easily be used to justify and glorify violence and suffering
Bible Study
It would be good for the preacher to read all of Chapter 2 - to see the overarching theological arguments that are being made leading to this passage.
Chapter 1 - you are reborn into the life-giving Word of Jesus Christ
Chapter 1 and 2 - In thanksgiving for God’s grace we must dedicate ourselves to being holy - to loving one another and God
2:1 - “Rid yourselves, therefore, of all malice, and all guile, insincerity, envy, and all slander.”
The early Christian community was made up of people who were poor and those who were slaves. This passage is NOT condoning or glorifying suffering, but rather is encouraging the early Christians to not respond to suffering with suffering, do not respond to violence with violence
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING AND GET IN TOUCH:
Thanks to our Psalms correspondent, Richard Bruxvoort Colligan (psalmimmersion.com, @pomopsalmist). Thank you to Scott Fletcher for our voice bumpers, Dick Dale and the Del Tones for our Theme music (“Misirlou”), Nicolai Heidlas (“Sunday Morning”, "Real Ride" and “Summertime”) and The Steel Wheels for our transition music(“Nola’s First Dance” from their album Lay Down, Lay Low) and Paul and Storm for our closing music (“Oh No”).